Application

Streptozocin is used to induce Type 1 diabetes for medical research.

General description

Streptozotocin, a glucosamine-nitrosourea, is a DNA alkylating agent that enters cells exclusively via the GLUT2 glucose transport protein. Streptozocin, a diabetagen, is especially toxic to pancreatic islet insulin-producing β-cells. It is toxic to GLUT2 positive neuroendocrine tumor cells.

Other Notes

Mixed anomers

Biochem/physiol Actions

An N-nitroso-containing compound that acts as a nitric oxide donor in pancreatic islets; induces death of insulin-secreting cells, producing an animal model of diabetes. Potent DNA methylating agent that induces chromosomal breakage.¹ Cytotoxic to neuroendocrine tumor cell lines that express the GLUT2 glucose transporter.

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Wang Z, and Gleichmann H., GLUT2 in pancreatic islets: crucial target molecule in diabetes induced with multiple low doses of streptozotocin in mice Diabetes 47, 50-56, (1998)

Lenzen S., The mechanisms of alloxan- and streptozotocin-induced diabetes Diabetologia 51, 216-226, (2008)

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Moss, J.B., et al., Regeneration Of The Pancreas In Adult Zebrafish. Diabetes 58, 1844-51, (2009)

Al-Khalifa, A., et al., Therapeutic Role Of Low-carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet In Diabetes. Nutrition 25, 1177-85, (2009)

Robertson, S.D., et al., Insulin Reveals Akt Signaling As A Novel Regulator Of Norepinephrine Transporter Trafficking And Norepinephrine Homeostasis. J. Neurosci. 30, 11305-16, (2010)

Anthonisen, E.H., et al., Nuclear Receptor Liver X Receptor Is O-GlcNAc-modified In Response To Glucose. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 285, 1607-15, (2010)

Rao, V.R., et al., Delivery Of SAR 1118 To The Retina Via Ophthalmic Drops And Its Effectiveness In A Rat Streptozotocin (STZ) Model Of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 51, 5198-204, (2010)

Margoni, A., et al., Serum Leptin, Adiponectin And Tumor Necrosis Factor-α In Hyperlipidemic Rats With/without Concomitant Diabetes Mellitus. Mol. Med. 17, 36-40, (2011)

Bolzan, A.D., and Bianchi, M.S., Clastogenic effects of streptozotocin on human colon cancer cell lines with gene amplification. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol. 22, 281-286, (2003)

Oberg, K., Chemotherapy and biotherapy in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours. Ann. Oncol. 12, S111-S114, (2001)

Szkudelski T., The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in B cells of the rat pancreas. Physiol. Res. 50, 537-546, (2001)

Merck 14,8832

Corp MSDS 1 (2), 3177:D / FT-IR 2 (1), 1366:B / FT-NMR 1 (1), 1313:B / RegBook 1 (1), 945:A / Sax 6, 2469 / Structure Index 1, 147:D:1